Basic Photography Tips 1 Basic Operations

Short Description
This is the first course in the Basic Photography Tips series. By the end of the article, you’ll know how to work a camera manually, and you’ll be able to tell how each of the three basic controls affects the photograph – a great start to becoming creative with your photography. Note: To start with, don’t be afraid of your camera! It’s safe to press any button you want. At worst, you’ll screw up some pictures. At best, you’ll create an amazing piece of art that will change people’s lives for generations!

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Content
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Most cameras seem complicated at first, but there are really only three essential controls that will affect the look and feel of your photographs:
Aperture: A hole that light passes through on its way through the lens. The photographer controls the size of this hole.
Shutter Speed: The amount of time that the sensor (or film) is exposed to light from the lens. The photographer controls this time.
Focus: The distance at which the lens makes the subject appear sharp and clear. The photographer controls this distance.
Almost all the buttons and dials on your camera are designed to control just these three things! Modern cameras have automatic controls, which can be faster and easier than doing it all yourself. However, no camera can tell how you want the photograph to look – learning how to work everything manually will let you be more creative! For this tutorial, set your camera’s picture mode to “M” (manual).

Aperture: Half of “Exposure”
The term “Aperture” actually refers to the size of the aperture (an adjustable hole that light passes through on its way through the lens). The photographer can change the size of the aperture with controls on the camera body, or with a ring at the base of the lens (on older cameras).
Apertures are sometimes called “f-stops”, and are usually written with a script “f” in front. Watch out – small numbers mean big apertures, and big numbers mean small apertures! (For instance, f2.8 is bigger than f16.) Each number in the series is considered to be 1 “stop” different than the last, allowing 1/2 as much light into the camera. Some lenses “stop down” to different apertures than others. Zoom lenses usually have a lower aperture range than “prime” (non-zoom) lenses. Low magnification lenses usually include bigger aperture settings, and high magnification lenses usually include smaller ones.
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