Guide to Digital Image Quality

span class=”dlabel”>Short Description
Listening to discussions about digital cameras,it would be easy to conclude that image quality is determined by pixels alone.In fact,pixels are one of many factors that determine the quality of a digital photograph.This guide is designed to summarise the various factors that help – or hinder – a camera’s ability to record the scene being photographed faithfully.

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Content
What makes a ‘good quality’ image? In part,it’s what’s not there that matters; lens aberrations and defects,digital artefacts and noise, colour casts and contrast problems all have a detrimental effect on the final image,so minimising them makes a major contribution to improved image quality.Sharpness and detail are important too, and,contrary to popular belief,are not solely dictated by the resolution – or number of pixels – used to capture the image. This document has been designed as an objective attempt to outline the various factors that contribute to image quality,and how potential problems can be minimised. In all cases,the issues discussed over the following pages presume that the image has been correctly focused and exposed; both essential factors in capturing the highest quality photographs.
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Lens Quality
In a nutshell: No matter how good the digital part of the camera, or how many pixels,you need a good lens for great pictures.
Contrast is closely linked to resolution and is primarily a lens-related measure.In image quality terms,the importance of contrast lies in its effect on the recording of fine detail.This is because contrast has a direct effect on the apparent sharpness of edges; higher lens contrast means two adjoining areas of slightly different tone look more different,so the ‘join’looks sharper and less indistinct (above right).Lenses with poor contrast blur fine details together giving an overall softness and lack of ‘bite’.Overall image contrast (the difference between the lightest and darkest areas of the scene) also affects image quality,but can easily be controlled by software,either incamera or in post processing.
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